Steel grating, as a grid like structural material made by cross welding flat steel and twisted square steel, is widely used in industrial platforms, overpasses, stair treads and other scenarios due to its high strength, ventilation and transparency. Its carrying capacity is a crucial parameter in engineering design, directly related to safety and project economy.
The bearing capacity of steel grating depends on the material strength. Commonly used low-carbon steel has moderate tensile strength and yield strength, suitable for general load scenarios; Low alloy steel has a higher yield strength and is more advantageous in heavy industrial environments. For example, on heavy equipment platforms at port terminals, steel grilles made of low-alloy steel can withstand frequent mechanical crushing.
The influence of structural parameters on bearing capacity is more significant. The thickness and height of flat steel are the core variables, and thicker and higher flat steel has a larger moment of inertia in its cross-section, resulting in a significant increase in bearing capacity at the same span. The spacing between grids is equally crucial, and wider spacing is more suitable for large-span laying. However, dense grids perform better in dispersing local loads, such as the steel grating cover plate in underground garages of shopping malls, which often adopts a small spacing design.
The span factor follows the basic laws of mechanics, and the bearing capacity is inversely proportional to the square of the span. When the span increases, the safe load of the same specification steel grating will significantly decrease. A case study of a chemical enterprise’s operating platform shows that large-span steel grilles need to be paired with thicker reinforced flat steel to meet the dynamic load requirements for forklift passage.
In practical applications, the differences in load types also need to be considered. Static loads, such as stacked goods, can be directly calculated based on the allowable stress of the material; And dynamic loads such as vehicle movement need to be multiplied by the corresponding impact coefficient. In the design of maintenance channels on airport aprons, steel grilles not only bear the static weight of aircraft components, but also cope with the instantaneous impact force when maintenance vehicles pass quickly.
In addition, welding quality and anti-corrosion treatment indirectly affect load-bearing safety. Virtual welding can lead to stress concentration, resulting in a significant decrease in local load-bearing capacity; Good anti-corrosion treatment can effectively delay the section loss caused by corrosion and ensure that the bearing capacity does not significantly deteriorate during long-term use.
